CNC Machining for Vacuum and Cryogenic Systems

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  • Source:Axom



In the demanding fields of aerospace, semiconductor manufacturing, scientific research, and medical technology, components must perform flawlessly under extreme conditions. Vacuum and cryogenic systems represent some of the most challenging environments, where standard manufacturing techniques often fall short. This is where specialized CNC machining becomes not just an advantage, but a necessity for success and reliability.


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The unique challenges of these systems are twofold. For vacuum applications, even microscopic leaks or outgassing from material pores can compromise the entire system's integrity. In cryogenic environments, materials contract significantly, and components are subjected to immense thermal cycling stress. Standard parts can fail, leading to catastrophic system failure and costly downtime.

To overcome these challenges, our CNC machining processes are meticulously tailored. We begin with material selection, utilizing ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) compatible metals like 304 and 316 stainless steel, aluminum alloys, and titanium. These materials exhibit low outgassing rates and maintain structural stability. For cryogenics, we often work with specialized alloys like Inconel or specific aluminum grades that retain toughness and ductility at temperatures as low as 270°C.

Precision is paramount. Our advanced 5axis CNC machines achieve the tight tolerances and superior surface finishes required. We focus on specific machining strategies:

Minimizing Internal Voids: Techniques are used to eliminate trapped volumes where virtual leaks could occur.

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Achieving High Surface Finishes: A smooth surface, often through polishing or specific machining paths, drastically reduces the surface area from which outgassing can occur.
Preventing Galling: For sealing surfaces, we ensure flawless finishes and precise flatness to create perfect seals with copper gaskets (ConFlat) or elastomers.
Managing Thermal Expansion: We design and machine parts with thermal contraction in mind, ensuring dimensional stability and alignment even at operational extremes.



Furthermore, our expertise extends to specialized cleaning and handling protocols. Components are cleaned in controlled environments to remove all contaminants, oils, and particulates that could outgas under vacuum.

Partnering with us for your vacuum and cryogenic components means more than just purchasing a part. It means gaining a reliable supplier who understands the physics behind your application. We deliver components that guarantee integrity, enhance system uptime, and push the boundaries of what's possible in extreme environments. Let our precision drive your innovation.